Tehran University of Medical Sciences Archives of Anesthesiology and Critical Care 2423-5849 12 1 2026 01 01 60 66 Gergana Petkova - Ivanova Department of Anesthesiology, Emergency and Intensive Care Medicine, Medical University of Plovdiv, Bulgaria. & Clinic of Anesthesiology and Intensive care, University Hospital St. George, Plovdiv, Bulgaria. Ivanka Karavelikova Department of Paediatrics and Medical Genetics “Prof. Dr.Ivan Andreev”, Medical Faculty, Medical University of Plovdiv, Bulgaria. & Department of Paediatrics, University Hospital St George, Plovdiv, Bulgaria. Stanislav Karamitev Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Medical University of Plovdiv, Bulgaria. &Clinic of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University Hospital St George, Plovdiv, Bulgaria. 2025 04 01 2025 04 07 Background: Lung edema is a life-threatening condition associated with prolonged intensive care unit stay and high mortality. The increased extravascular lung water (EVLW) causes impaired lung compliance and refractory hypoxemia. Although there are promising methods for the detection of EVLW, there is not yet a universally accepted one, and a systematic approach to the problem is missing. The discussion in this article is on the potential of the described assessment methods and techniques and reveals the strong and weak points according to their practical application. Methods: The discussion in this article is on the potential of the described assessment methods and techniques. According to our comparative analysis, the strong and weak points regarding their practical application are presented in a table. Results: This review article summerizes advantages and disadvantages of the most common methods in clinical practice. Conclusion: Although there are promising methods for the detection of EVLW, there is not yet a universally accepted one, and a systematic approach to the problem is yet to be found. https://aacc.tums.ac.ir/index.php/aacc/article/view/1252