Tehran University of Medical Sciences Archives of Anesthesiology and Critical Care 2423-5849 12 2 2026 02 22 216 220 Nastaran Mahdavi Department of Anesthesiology, Mofid Children’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Javad Ghoroubi Department of Surgery, Mofid Children’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Ali Reza Mahdavi Department of Anesthesiology, Mofid Children’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Shiva Pourakbari Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Morteza Mortazavi Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 2025 04 12 2025 04 23 Posterior mediastinal masses pose challenges for anesthesiologists due to their compressive nature. The most frequently used surgical approach is thoracotomy and anesthesia involves awareness of potential complications and airway management strategies. Among different types of foreign bodies (FBs), the esophageal FBs are one of the most common pediatric emergencies among infants and young children and the proximal part is the most common site. Presentation can range from being asymptomatic to symptoms such as vomiting, dysphagia, and drooling, or respiratory issues like coughing, wheezing, choking, or stridor. In this report, we present a case of a posterior mediastinal mass in a child with a history of respiratory disorders and multiple treatment courses. https://aacc.tums.ac.ir/index.php/aacc/article/view/1261