Tehran University of Medical Sciences Archives of Anesthesiology and Critical Care 2423-5849 3 4 2017 10 28 394 397 EN Zahid Hussain Khan Professor of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Deputy for Research, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Imam Khomeini Medical Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Kasra Karvandian Tehran University of Medical Sciences, associated Professor, Dept. of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Amir Poya Zanjani Tehran University of Medical Sciences, associated Professor, Dept. of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex , Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Majid alhamaidah Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences,Tehran, Iran. 2017 07 22 2017 10 25 A real time visualization of the peripheral nerves and adjacent anatomical structures, with ultrasound guidance, represents a new developmental technique in regional anesthesia and with more significance for pediatric patients. The main goal of this review was to explain the advantages of the ultrasound to guide the peripheral nerve block in the pediatric population for upper and lower limbs surgeries, and to show if there exists any superiority of the ultrasound technique over other traditional techniques in terms of increasing the success rate or reducing the rate of complications. https://aacc.tums.ac.ir/index.php/aacc/article/view/134 https://aacc.tums.ac.ir/index.php/aacc/article/download/134/303