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<Articles JournalTitle="Archives of Anesthesiology and Critical Care">
  <Article>
    <Journal>
      <PublisherName>Tehran University of Medical Sciences</PublisherName>
      <JournalTitle>Archives of Anesthesiology and Critical Care</JournalTitle>
      <Issn>2423-5849</Issn>
      <Volume>0</Volume>
      <Issue>0</Issue>
      <PubDate PubStatus="epublish">
        <Year>2025</Year>
        <Month>12</Month>
        <Day>15</Day>
      </PubDate>
    </Journal>
    <title locale="en_US">Effect of Nasotracheal Tube Bevel Orientation on Epistaxis, Intubation Difficulty, and Intraoperative Complications</title>
    <FirstPage>1416</FirstPage>
    <LastPage>1416</LastPage>
    <AuthorList>
      <Author>
        <FirstName>Behzad</FirstName>
        <LastName>Nazemroaya</LastName>
        <affiliation locale="en_US">Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.</affiliation>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName>Azim</FirstName>
        <LastName>Honarmand</LastName>
        <affiliation locale="en_US">Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.</affiliation>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName>Mohammad Matin</FirstName>
        <LastName>Karamati</LastName>
        <affiliation locale="en_US">Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.</affiliation>
      </Author>
      <Author>
        <FirstName>Mohammad Mahdi</FirstName>
        <LastName>Nafari</LastName>
        <affiliation locale="en_US">Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.</affiliation>
      </Author>
    </AuthorList>
    <History>
      <PubDate PubStatus="received">
        <Year>2025</Year>
        <Month>09</Month>
        <Day>17</Day>
      </PubDate>
      <PubDate PubStatus="accepted">
        <Year>2025</Year>
        <Month>09</Month>
        <Day>28</Day>
      </PubDate>
    </History>
    <abstract locale="en_US">Background: Nasal bleeding is a common event during nasotracheal intubation. The present trial examined whether altering bevel orientation (upward, downward, right, or left) affects the likelihood of epistaxis, ease of intubation, and intraoperative outcomes.
Methods: In this triple-blind randomized controlled trial, 200 candidates for elective oral and maxillofacial procedures were randomized into four groups based on bevel orientation. The principal endpoint was the frequency and severity of epistaxis. Secondary endpoints included intubation time, difficulty score, hemodynamic responses, and oxygen saturation. Data were evaluated using chi-square, ANOVA, and Kruskal&#x2013;Wallis tests (p&lt;0.05).
Results: The incidence and grading of epistaxis, intubation time, and difficulty did not significantly differ between the four orientations. Hemodynamic and oxygenation parameters remained stable throughout. Lateral orientations showed a non-significant tendency toward less bleeding and smoother tube passage.
Conclusion: Bevel direction did not significantly influence bleeding or difficulty of nasotracheal intubation, although subtle clinical advantages were observed. Larger trials are needed to clarify the potential benefits.</abstract>
    <web_url>https://aacc.tums.ac.ir/index.php/aacc/article/view/1416</web_url>
  </Article>
</Articles>
