Tehran University of Medical Sciences Archives of Anesthesiology and Critical Care 2423-5849 5 3 2019 07 02 104 106 EN Zahid Khan Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Ali Movafegh Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Dr Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Hussain Abed Ali Department of Anesthesia, School of Allied Medical Sciences, International Campus, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. 2017 09 06 2019 04 07 Cardiac arrhythmias during anesthesia are common and almost benign, with the incidence ranging from 60 to 90%. Arrhythmias are one of several significant predictors for severe cardiovascular outcomes. It is essential, therefore, for the anesthetist to evaluate patients at risk preoperatively with a careful history and to have an appropriate knowledge concerning the etiology, electrophysiology, diagnosis, drug effects and treatment of arrhythmias. https://aacc.tums.ac.ir/index.php/aacc/article/view/159 https://aacc.tums.ac.ir/index.php/aacc/article/download/159/422