Relationship between Serum Lactate with the Severity of Injury in Patients with Spinal Cord Trauma
-
Khalil Komlakh
,
Ramin Rajabi
,
Sohrab Sadeghi
,
Ali Keipourfard
,
Yousef Asadoola Jamshidi
,
Fahimeh Feili
Abstract
Background: Spinal cord trauma (SCT) is one of the types of traumas that causes many complications. In order to identify these complications, it is necessary to check the results of laboratory tests and radiology tests.
Methods: This study was conducted with the aim of determining the relationship between serum lactate of patients and the severity of injury caused in trauma patients. The study included 190 hospitalized patients with SCT. The researchers’ enrolled patients with SCT injuries who met the inclusion criteria by visiting the hospital daily.
Results: Results showed that out of 190 examined patients, 32 (16.8%) patients died and 158 (83.2%) were discharged from the hospital. Also, 160 (84.2%) of the patients were male, and 30 (15.8%) of them were female. Regarding the injury mechanism, it was shown that 98 (51.6%) of the patients were due to road traffic accidents, 33 (17.4%) of the patients were due to falls, and only 8 (4.2%) were due to sports accidents. Also, the result showed the amount of lactate in the survivors group was 1.2 (0.8-2.6), and in the non-survivors group it was 3.9 (2.8-6.6).
Conclusion: Considering that there were laboratory changes in patients with TSCI, it is recommended to use the results of this study as a clinical guide for doctors.
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[9] Khorsand M, Joudi M, Razavi M, VEJDANI M, Izanloo A, Fathi M. Comparing the effect of Fluid Management with Ringer solution versus Hemaxel on blood lactate level before and after appendectomy. 2014; 3-9.
[10] Mirmohammad-Sadeghi M, Etesampour A, Gharipour M, Saeidi M, Mirmohammad-sadeghi P, Kiani A, et al. The Association between Serum Lactate Level and Post CABG Complications in Cardiac Patients. J Isfahan Med. Sch. 2011; 29(128).
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[12] Javidi D. Pathophysiology of lactic acidosis, and its clinical importance after cardiac surgery. Multidiscip. Cardiovasc. Ann. 2009; 2(3).
[13] Hasanshiri F, Pourabbasi MS, Mousavi SGA, Fatahi M, Kianfar AA, Seyedi HR, et al. Association between serum lactate and postoperative outcomes following coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Feyz Med Sci J. 2017, 20(6):518-524.
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[15] Jansen TC, van Bommel J, Woodward R, Mulder PG, Bakker J: Association between blood lactate levels, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment subscores, and 28-day mortality during early and late intensive care unit stay: a retrospective observational study. Crit. Care Med. 2009; 37(8):2369-2374.
[16] Wang R, He M, Qu F, Zhang J, Xu J. Lactate albumin ratio is associated with mortality in patients with moderate to severe traumatic brain injury. Front. neurol. 2022; 13:662385.
[17] Fu YQ, Bai K, Liu CJ. The impact of admission serum lactate on children with moderate to severe traumatic brain injury. PloS one. 2019; 14(9):e0222591.
[18] Paladino L, Subramanian RA, Bonilla E, Sinert RH. Leukocytosis as prognostic indicator of major injury. West J Emerg Med. 2010; 11(5):450.
[19] Santucci CA, Purcell TB, Mejia C. Leukocytosis as a predictor of severe injury in blunt trauma. West J Emerg Med. 2008;9(2):81.
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[23] Nourmohammadi H, Azami G, Taghinezhad F, Shafiei E. Risk and Benefit of Antiplatelet Therapy in COVID-19 Patients with Cancer and Thrombocytopenia. Cancer Investig J. 2021; 39(3):217-8.
[24] Pakseresht M, Rassouli M, Rejeh N, Rostami S, Barasteh S, Molavynejad S. Explore the bereavement needs of families of children with cancer from the perspective of health caregivers: a qualitative study. Front psychol. 2021; 12:750838.
[25] Pakseresht M, Baraz S, Rassouli M, Rejeh N, Rostami S, Mojen LK. A comparison of symptom management for children with cancer in Iran and in the selected countries: A comparative study. Indian J Palliat Care. 2018; 24(4):451.
[26] Mohammadi HR, Asadoola Y, Erfani A, Amin NG, Karimiyarandi H, Sadeghi S, et al. Effectiveness of Pulse Intravenous Infusion of Methylprednisolone on Pain in Patients with Lumbar Disc Herniation: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Anesth Pain Med. 2024; 14(4).
[27] Hatefi M, Tarjoman A, Moradi S, Borji M. The effect of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing on depression and anxiety in patients with spinal cord injuries. Trauma Mon. 2019; 24(5):1-6.
[28] Sadeghi S, Mohammadi HR. Epidemiology of Sexual Dysfunction in Patients with Spinal Cord Injury in Iran: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Arch Neurosci. 2023;10(2).
[29] Hatefi M, Vaisi-Raygani A, Borji M, Tarjoman A. Investigating the relationship between religious beliefs with care burden, stress, anxiety, and depression in caregivers of patients with spinal cord injuries. J Relig Health. 2020; 59:1754-65.
[30] Kumar R, Lim J, Mekary RA, Rattani A, Dewan MC, Sharif SY, et al. Traumatic Spinal Injury: Global Epidemiology and Worldwide Volume. World Neurosurg. 2018; 113:e345-e363
[31] Ramesh Kumar RK, Lim J, Mekary R, Rattani A, Dewan M, Sharif S, et al. Traumatic spinal injury: global epidemiology and worldwide volume. 2018;345-363.
[32] Lee BB, Cripps RA, Fitzharris M, Wing PC. The global map for traumatic spinal cord injury epidemiology: update 2011, global incidence rate. Spinal cord. 2014; 52(2):110-6.
[33] Cripps RA, Lee BB, Wing P, Weerts E, Mackay J, Brown D. A global map for traumatic spinal cord injury epidemiology: towards a living data repository for injury prevention. Spinal cord. 2011; 49(4):493-501.
[34] Rouleau P, Ayoub E, Guertin PA. Traumatic and non-traumatic spinal cord-injured patients in Quebec, Canada: 1. Epidemiological, clinical and functional characteristics. Open J Epidemiol. 2011; 4:133-9.
[35] Wang R, Wang S, Zhang J, He M, Xu J. Serum lactate level in early stage is associated with acute kidney injury in traumatic brain injury patients. Front surg. 2022; 8:761166.
[36] Leal-Noval SR, Muñoz-Serrano Á, Arellano-Orden V, Cayuela A, Muñoz-Gómez M, Recio A, et al. Effects of red blood cell transfusion on long-term disability of patients with traumatic brain injury. J Neurocrit Care. 2016; 24:371-80.
[37] Wettervik TS, Engquist H, Howells T, Rostami E, Hillered L, Enblad P, et al. Arterial lactate in traumatic brain injury–relation to intracranial pressure dynamics, cerebral energy metabolism and clinical outcome. J Crit Care. 2020; 60:218-25.
[38] Roozegar MA, Pakzad I, Mohammadi TM, Hoshmand B. Analyzing the osteogenic stimulatory effect of the combination dexamethasone and low levelled laser irradiation (LLLI) on periodontal ligament stem cell (PDLSc). Der Pharma Chemica. 2015;7(11):226-30.
[39] Esmaeilikia M, Gholami-Parizad E, Ghazanfari Z, Abedzadeh MS, Roozegar MA. Investigation of Oral Health Status (DMFT-index) among 3–6 Years Old Children in Ilam (Western Iran), 2015. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2020;13(4):1878-82.
[40] Roozegar MA, Abdi Z, Matin S, Khorshidi A, Azizian M. The effect of 1.2 mg simvastatin mouthwash on the level of interleukin-6 in patients with chronic periodontitis. Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology. 2019;13(3):463-7.
[41] Abdi Z, Roozegar MA, Beigi S, Khorshidi A, Azizian M, Beigi Z. Using simvastatin mouthwash (0.6%, 1.2% and 1.8%) on the improvement of clinical parameters in patients with chronic periodontitis. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2020;13(2):862-6.
[42] Vasigh A, Feili F. Effect of oral health-based care program on Ventilator-associated pneumonia in Intensive Care Units: Systematic review and meta-analysis in Iran, Arch Anesth & Crit Care. 2025; In press.
[2] Hatefi M, Abdi A, Tarjoman A, Borji M. Prevalence of depression and pain among patients with spinal cord injury in Iran: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Trauma Mon. 2019; 24(4):1-8.
[3] Donnelly RR, Ugbolue UC, Gao Y, Gu Y, Dutheil F, Baker JS. A systematic review and meta-analysis investigating head trauma in boxing. Clin J Sport Med. 2023; 33(6):658-74.
[4] Dar PM, Mir N, Katiyar AK, Sati HC, Priyadarshini P, Alam J, et al. Outcome predictors of patients who underwent limb amputation/s following trauma at a level I trauma center in North India. Eur J Trauma Emerg. Surg. 2024; 50(1):233-42.
[5] Yarandi KK, Pour-Rashidi A, Mortazavi A, Shirani M, Mohammadi E, Karimiyarandi H, et al. Pitfalls in diagnosis of cord tethering in scoliosis: Lessons learned from a series in a single centre. Interdisc Neurosurg. 2022; 29:101596.
[6] Mohammadia HR, Erfania A, Jamshidbeigib Y, Rahmatianc A, Otaghid M. Effect of using rituximab on disability in patients with multiple sclerosis. risk. 2024; 5:7.
[7] Kelley KC, Salen P, Wojda TR, Hasani AZ, Luster J, Seoane J, et al. Impact of blood alcohol concentration on hematologic and serum chemistry parameters in trauma patients: Analysis of data from a high-volume level 1 trauma center. Int J Crit Illn Inj Sci. 2021; 11(1):18-24.
[8] Katipoğlu B, Demirtas E. Assessment of serum glucose potassium ratio as a predictor for morbidity and mortality of blunt abdominal trauma. Ulus Travma Acil Cerrahi Derg. 2022; 28(2):134.
[9] Khorsand M, Joudi M, Razavi M, VEJDANI M, Izanloo A, Fathi M. Comparing the effect of Fluid Management with Ringer solution versus Hemaxel on blood lactate level before and after appendectomy. 2014; 3-9.
[10] Mirmohammad-Sadeghi M, Etesampour A, Gharipour M, Saeidi M, Mirmohammad-sadeghi P, Kiani A, et al. The Association between Serum Lactate Level and Post CABG Complications in Cardiac Patients. J Isfahan Med. Sch. 2011; 29(128).
[11] Toraman F, Evrenkaya S, Yuce M, Aksoy N, Karabulut H, Bozkulak Y, et al. Lactic acidosis after cardiac surgery is associated with adverse outcome. InThe heart surgery forum 2004. 2004; 7(2):155-159.
[12] Javidi D. Pathophysiology of lactic acidosis, and its clinical importance after cardiac surgery. Multidiscip. Cardiovasc. Ann. 2009; 2(3).
[13] Hasanshiri F, Pourabbasi MS, Mousavi SGA, Fatahi M, Kianfar AA, Seyedi HR, et al. Association between serum lactate and postoperative outcomes following coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Feyz Med Sci J. 2017, 20(6):518-524.
[14] Wilson JF: Diabetic ketoacidosis. Ann. Intern. Med. 2010; 152(1):ITC1-1.
[15] Jansen TC, van Bommel J, Woodward R, Mulder PG, Bakker J: Association between blood lactate levels, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment subscores, and 28-day mortality during early and late intensive care unit stay: a retrospective observational study. Crit. Care Med. 2009; 37(8):2369-2374.
[16] Wang R, He M, Qu F, Zhang J, Xu J. Lactate albumin ratio is associated with mortality in patients with moderate to severe traumatic brain injury. Front. neurol. 2022; 13:662385.
[17] Fu YQ, Bai K, Liu CJ. The impact of admission serum lactate on children with moderate to severe traumatic brain injury. PloS one. 2019; 14(9):e0222591.
[18] Paladino L, Subramanian RA, Bonilla E, Sinert RH. Leukocytosis as prognostic indicator of major injury. West J Emerg Med. 2010; 11(5):450.
[19] Santucci CA, Purcell TB, Mejia C. Leukocytosis as a predictor of severe injury in blunt trauma. West J Emerg Med. 2008;9(2):81.
[20] Boutin A, Chassé M, Shemilt M, Lauzier F, Moore L, Zarychanski R, et al. Red blood cell transfusion in patients with traumatic brain injury: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Transfus Med Rev. 2016;30(1):15-24.
[21] Komurcu O, Dost B, Ozdemir E, Aras M, Ulger F. Red blood cell transfusion and hemoglobin level on neurological outcome in the first 24 hours of traumatic brain injury. Am J Emerg Med. 2022; 59:74-8.
[22] Hadavi M, Taghinezhad F, Shafiei E, Babakr SH, Bastaminejad S, Kaffashian M, et al. Hypo-and hyperphosphatemia at admission as independent factors of mortality of COVID-19 patients: findings from a retrospective cohort study. Int J Endocrinol Metab. 2022; 20(3).
[23] Nourmohammadi H, Azami G, Taghinezhad F, Shafiei E. Risk and Benefit of Antiplatelet Therapy in COVID-19 Patients with Cancer and Thrombocytopenia. Cancer Investig J. 2021; 39(3):217-8.
[24] Pakseresht M, Rassouli M, Rejeh N, Rostami S, Barasteh S, Molavynejad S. Explore the bereavement needs of families of children with cancer from the perspective of health caregivers: a qualitative study. Front psychol. 2021; 12:750838.
[25] Pakseresht M, Baraz S, Rassouli M, Rejeh N, Rostami S, Mojen LK. A comparison of symptom management for children with cancer in Iran and in the selected countries: A comparative study. Indian J Palliat Care. 2018; 24(4):451.
[26] Mohammadi HR, Asadoola Y, Erfani A, Amin NG, Karimiyarandi H, Sadeghi S, et al. Effectiveness of Pulse Intravenous Infusion of Methylprednisolone on Pain in Patients with Lumbar Disc Herniation: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Anesth Pain Med. 2024; 14(4).
[27] Hatefi M, Tarjoman A, Moradi S, Borji M. The effect of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing on depression and anxiety in patients with spinal cord injuries. Trauma Mon. 2019; 24(5):1-6.
[28] Sadeghi S, Mohammadi HR. Epidemiology of Sexual Dysfunction in Patients with Spinal Cord Injury in Iran: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Arch Neurosci. 2023;10(2).
[29] Hatefi M, Vaisi-Raygani A, Borji M, Tarjoman A. Investigating the relationship between religious beliefs with care burden, stress, anxiety, and depression in caregivers of patients with spinal cord injuries. J Relig Health. 2020; 59:1754-65.
[30] Kumar R, Lim J, Mekary RA, Rattani A, Dewan MC, Sharif SY, et al. Traumatic Spinal Injury: Global Epidemiology and Worldwide Volume. World Neurosurg. 2018; 113:e345-e363
[31] Ramesh Kumar RK, Lim J, Mekary R, Rattani A, Dewan M, Sharif S, et al. Traumatic spinal injury: global epidemiology and worldwide volume. 2018;345-363.
[32] Lee BB, Cripps RA, Fitzharris M, Wing PC. The global map for traumatic spinal cord injury epidemiology: update 2011, global incidence rate. Spinal cord. 2014; 52(2):110-6.
[33] Cripps RA, Lee BB, Wing P, Weerts E, Mackay J, Brown D. A global map for traumatic spinal cord injury epidemiology: towards a living data repository for injury prevention. Spinal cord. 2011; 49(4):493-501.
[34] Rouleau P, Ayoub E, Guertin PA. Traumatic and non-traumatic spinal cord-injured patients in Quebec, Canada: 1. Epidemiological, clinical and functional characteristics. Open J Epidemiol. 2011; 4:133-9.
[35] Wang R, Wang S, Zhang J, He M, Xu J. Serum lactate level in early stage is associated with acute kidney injury in traumatic brain injury patients. Front surg. 2022; 8:761166.
[36] Leal-Noval SR, Muñoz-Serrano Á, Arellano-Orden V, Cayuela A, Muñoz-Gómez M, Recio A, et al. Effects of red blood cell transfusion on long-term disability of patients with traumatic brain injury. J Neurocrit Care. 2016; 24:371-80.
[37] Wettervik TS, Engquist H, Howells T, Rostami E, Hillered L, Enblad P, et al. Arterial lactate in traumatic brain injury–relation to intracranial pressure dynamics, cerebral energy metabolism and clinical outcome. J Crit Care. 2020; 60:218-25.
[38] Roozegar MA, Pakzad I, Mohammadi TM, Hoshmand B. Analyzing the osteogenic stimulatory effect of the combination dexamethasone and low levelled laser irradiation (LLLI) on periodontal ligament stem cell (PDLSc). Der Pharma Chemica. 2015;7(11):226-30.
[39] Esmaeilikia M, Gholami-Parizad E, Ghazanfari Z, Abedzadeh MS, Roozegar MA. Investigation of Oral Health Status (DMFT-index) among 3–6 Years Old Children in Ilam (Western Iran), 2015. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2020;13(4):1878-82.
[40] Roozegar MA, Abdi Z, Matin S, Khorshidi A, Azizian M. The effect of 1.2 mg simvastatin mouthwash on the level of interleukin-6 in patients with chronic periodontitis. Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology. 2019;13(3):463-7.
[41] Abdi Z, Roozegar MA, Beigi S, Khorshidi A, Azizian M, Beigi Z. Using simvastatin mouthwash (0.6%, 1.2% and 1.8%) on the improvement of clinical parameters in patients with chronic periodontitis. Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology. 2020;13(2):862-6.
[42] Vasigh A, Feili F. Effect of oral health-based care program on Ventilator-associated pneumonia in Intensive Care Units: Systematic review and meta-analysis in Iran, Arch Anesth & Crit Care. 2025; In press.
| Issue | Article in Press |
|
| Section | Research Article(s) | |
| Keywords | ||
| Spinal cord trauma Serum lactate Trauma | ||
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How to Cite
1.
Komlakh K, Rajabi R, Sadeghi S, Keipourfard A, Asadoola Jamshidi Y, Feili F. Relationship between Serum Lactate with the Severity of Injury in Patients with Spinal Cord Trauma. Arch Anesth & Crit Care. 2025;.
