Factors Associated with Preoperative Anxiety, Postoperative Pain, and Delirium in Maxillofacial Trauma Patients after General Anesthesia
Abstract
Background: Exposure to general anesthesia is associated with various adverse outcomes for patients, which necessitates careful investigation. Accordingly, this study was conducted with the aim of evaluating factors associated with preoperative anxiety, postoperative pain, and delirium in maxillofacial trauma patients after general anesthesia.
Methods: In this, 91 patients undergoing surgery for maxillofacial trauma were evaluated. The data collection instruments included a demographic characteristics form, the Amsterdam Preoperative Anxiety and Information Scale (APAIS), the CAM-ICU-7 questionnaire, and the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for pain. After explaining the study objectives to the patients or their legal guardians and obtaining their consent, the APAIS was completed preoperatively, while the CAM-ICU-7 and VAS were administered postoperatively. The collected data were entered into SPSS software version 19, and statistical analyses were performed using an independent
t-test, ANOVA, and regression analysis.
Results: The results showed a strong positive correlation between preoperative anxiety and postoperative pain (r = 0.62, P < 0.001), indicating that higher anxiety is associated with greater pain after surgery. Anxiety also demonstrated a mild but significant correlation with information need (r = 0.22, P < 0.03). Information need showed a small but significant association with postoperative delirium (r = 0.27,
P = 0.008). No significant relationship was observed between anxiety and delirium (P = 0.75). Additionally, postoperative pain showed a mild but significant correlation with delirium (r = 0.25, P < 0.014).
Conclusion: The findings of this study indicate that preoperative anxiety and postoperative pain are common among maxillofacial trauma patients, and a considerable proportion of these patients experience some degree of postoperative delirium. Improved postoperative pain management and provision of adequate preoperative information may help reduce the severity of delirium and improve postoperative outcomes in this patient population.
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| Issue | Article in Press |
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| Delirium Anxiety Pain Maxillofacial trauma | ||
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